In vitro Conservation and Preliminary Molecular Characterization of

In vitro Conservation and Preliminary
Molecular Characterization of Some
Turkish Native Domestic Animal
Genetic Resources-I
(TURKHAYGEN-I)
by
TURKHAYGEN-I Consortium
XXXI. ISAG Conference
July 19, 2008
Amsterdam, Netherlands
TURKHAYGEN-I consortium
Sezen Arat
Haydar Bagis, Berrin Erdag, Digdem Aktoprakligil,
Aylin Özdemir, Koray B. Balcioglu, Umit Ozturk, Ali Daskin,
Necmettin Tekin, Mustafa Kaymaz, Ongun Uysal,
Ergun Akcay, Okan Ertugrul, Bilal Akyuz, Ozlem, Gucuyener,
Ercan Kurar, Zafer Bulut, Vahdettin Altunok,
Mehmet Nizamlioglu, Dursun Ali Dinc, Ahmet Semacan,
Kenan Coyan, Mehmet Guler, Mehmet Ataman,
Aydin Guzeloglu, Serhat Pabuccuoglu, Kemal Ak,
Sema Birler, Serhat Aklan, Alper Baran, Mithat Evecen,
Ozen Banu Ozdas, Umit Cirit, Suleyman Bacinoglu,
Ihsan Soysal, Hakan Sagirkaya, Yavuz Nak, Deniz Nak,
Zekariya Nur, Ahmet Gumen, Burcu Ustunel,
Umut Tasdemir, Barbaros Tuncer, Huseyin Kinet,
Numan Akyol, Hamdi Kizil, Tahir Karasahin,
Muharrem Satilmis, Inci Togan, Evren Koban, Havva Dinc,
Bekir Ankarali, A. Oya Akin, Mustafa Kucukkebapci,
Abdulkadir Ozluturk, Sinan Kopuzlu, Deniz Soysal,
Tamer Sezenler, Adnan Unalan, Ayse Isik, Melik Aytac
Ilkay Demirhan
TURKHAYGEN-I organization
Sezen Arat
Inci Togan
Principle Investigator
Executive coordinator for the Project
Administration Committee (PAC)
PAC Member
Okan Ertugrul
Serhat Pabuccuoglu
PAC Member
PAC Member
Hakan Sagirkaya
PAC Member
Umut Tasdemir
Ercan Kurar
PAC Member
PAC Member
• Owner Institution:
– Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Organization
• Administrative Institution:
– TUBITAK Marmara Research Center GEBI
• Partner Institutions:
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–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
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Adnan Menderes University
Ankara University
Ataturk University
Istanbul University
Lalahan Livestock Central Research Institute
Middle East Technical University
Mustafa Kemal University
Namık Kemal University
Ondokuz Mayıs University
Selçuk University
Uludağ University
Genetic resources
• 27000 animal and plant species irreversibly
disappear per year
• Several endemic animal species and breeds
have been totally lost or under danger in Turkey
Mammalian
Avian
Reptiles
Amphibian
Fish
World
4200
9000
5115
3025
21000
Turkey
160
453
106
23
504
Under risk
64
253
43
11
58
Turkish Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 2004
Sheep genetic resources
• There has been a 47% decrease in sheep
population in Turkey in the last two decades and
this decline continues
• Under risk
– White Karaman, Red Karaman, Cine Caparı,
Daglic, Karakul, Awassi, Herik, Kivircik, Tuj,
Karayaka, Imbros, Hemsin
• Under Heavy risk
– Sakız, Norduz
• Extinct
– Halkali, Karakacan
Genetic resources
• The archaeological and genetic data indicates
that domestication centers for cattle, sheep,
goat, and probably swine are in the southwest
Asia including a part of Anatolia
– (Bruford et al, 2003)
• Anatolian native breeds, being the closest
relatives of the first domesticates, must be given
priority in conservation
– (Bruford et al, 2003)
• Molecular genetics studies have shown that the
European cattle, sheep and goat breeds have
originated and spread from Anatolia
– (Loftus et al., 1999; Troy et al., 2001, Bruford and Towsend,
2004, Lenstra et al., 2005).
Presevation of genetic resources
• Conservation of the biological richness and
diversity is one of the main concerns in most of
the countries’ agenda
• Conservation schemes in animals (Simianer
2005)
Modern Noah’s Ark
Importance of genetic resources
• Conservation of genetic resources has been
discussed on various platforms in Turkey and
was declared as a priority
– TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technological
Research Foundation)'s Vision-2023 Science and
Technology Prevision Project
– Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) Molecular
Life Sciences and Technology Foresight Project
(2003-2023)
– II. Agriculture Assembly (2004)
Ex situ presevation of genetic
• In addition, “Biodiversity Conservation Program”
within the area of “Biotechnology and Genetic
Technologies” was listed among the priority
action topics by the Turkish Academy of
Sciences (TUBA) Molecular Life Sciences and
Technology Foresight Project (2003-2023).
• The importance of conservation of animal
genetic resources was emphasized in the 1st
Commission Report of the II. Agriculture
Assembly (2004).
International agreements
• Turkey took part as contractor in the
international agreements on conservation of the
biodiversity and genetic resources
– UN Convention on Biological Diversity
• The proposed TURKHAYGEN-I project will
contribute to fulfill the commitments resulted
from these agreements
Objectives
• Main objective is ex-situ in vitro preservation of
endemic domestic animal species
• Establishment of cryobanks
– Preservation of animal genetic resources from 1500
animals,
– Hair, DNA, somatic cell, embryo and semen samples
• Genetic characterization of endemic domestic
animal species,
• Utilization of gained knowledge in registration
studies,
• Expand national researcher capacity in animal
genetics and biotechnology areas
• Combination and dissemination of knowledge
Work packages
• Collection of animal material
• Development of new technologies in preserving
live material
• Conservation of the genetic resources
• Genetic characterization of the species
• Distribution of the information and
standardization
Work packages
WP-I Collection of animal material
• The species and the breeds were determined
based on national and international
organizations’ reports and population records
• 25 male and 25 female individuals are selected
for each species.
• As back up, 12 male and 12 female individuals
are also selected
• Based on the flock’s size only unrelated 1-3
animals are selected
Work packages
WP-I Collection of animal material
• Data of the flock are systematically recorded to
standard files
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–
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Diseases
Vaccination
Sheltering
Feeding etc.
• Digital fotographs are taken
• Location data will also be recorded by using
GPS devices
Work packages
WP-II Technological development
• In order to develop and ameliorate the
technologies of live material preservation
techniques includes several sub work packages
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Tissue cryopreservation
Utilization alternative cell types
Alternative auxiliary reproduction techniques,
Embryo and gamete cryopreservation
NT technologies
Work packages
WP-III Preservation of Genetic Resources
• Preservation of samples of 1500 animals
according to methods defined by international
sources and organizations
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Hair samples
Genomic DNA
Somatic cell
Tissue
Embryo
Sperma
• Duplicate samples are kept in two gene banks
constructed in LLCRI and GEBI
Work packages
WP-IV Distribution and standardization of data
• Distribution of data by constructing a database and
web page
http://www.turkhaygen.gov.tr
• Collaboration with national and international
organizations
• Arrangement of seminars, congresses and media
declarations to represent the project
• Standardization
– DNA Genotyping
– Domestic standardizasyon panel
– ISAG comparison tests
Work packages
WP-IV Characterization of species
• After comprehensive sample collection, all
animals are characterized at the molecular level
• Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses are
accomplished using molecular markers
– Microsatellites
– mtDNA
– Others?
Material & Method
Genetic
Characterization
Selection of animals
Data collection
Statistical
Analysis
Populations
at research
farms
Blood
Semen
Sample
collection
Embryo
Fibroblast
Hair
Data
Base
DNA
Cryo-banks
Educational activities
• Training and workshops
– Sample collection techniques
– Cell culture techniques
– Cryopreservation (embryo and sperm)
– Embryo applications
– Embryo transfer
– Molecular biology techniques
– Bioinformatics
– Breed identification and genetic diversity
– Current statistical applications on genetic
diversity data
Animal Material
• Ovis aries (sheep)
– White Karaman
– Cine Çaparı
– Daglic
– Hemsin
– Herik
– Awassi
– Imbros
– Karakul
– Karayaka
– Kivircik
– Red Karaman
– Norduz
– Sakız
Animal Material
• Capra hircus (goat) • Bos taurus (cattle)
– Angora goat
– Honamli goat
– Native Hair goat
– Kilis goat
– Norduz goat
– South Anatolian Red
– Anatolian Black
– Turkish Grey
– East Anatolian Red
– Zavot
– Native Southern
Yellow Cattle
Animal Material
• Equus caballus (horse)
– Canik
– Nigde Camardı Kulasi
– Hinis horse
– Malakan horse
– Circassian (Uzunyayla)
• Bos bulalis (water buffalo)
– Anatolian water buffalo
• Owner Institution:
– Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Organization
• Administrative Institution:
– TUBITAK Marmara Research Center GEBI
• Partner Institutions:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Adnan Menderes University
Ankara University
Ataturk University
Istanbul University
Lalahan Livestock Central Research Institute
Middle East Technical University
Mustafa Kemal University
Namık Kemal University
Ondokuz Mayıs University
Selçuk University
Uludağ University
TURKHAYGEN-I Details
Start :
March 15, 2007
Duration:
4.5 years
Budget:
~4.800.000 EURO
Funding Agency: TUBITAK
TURKHAGEN-I current status
Specie
Breed
DNA
Somatic
Embryo
Sperma
13
6
6
3
3
5
1
1
1
1
6
4
4
3
3
5
3
3
NA
NA
1
-
-
-
-
“We do not inherit these animals from our
ancestors,
we borrow them from our children”
Further information
Please visit TURKHAYGEN-I poster
Posters # 5025 & 5014
Please visit TURKHAYGEN-I web pages
http://www.turkhagen.gov.tr
Ercan Kurar
Selcuk University
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
42031 Kampus Konya, TURKEY
Tel: (+332) 223-3573
Faks: (+332) 241-0063
ekurar@selcuk.edu.tr